Giunsa ang Pag-scan alang sa Rootkits, backdoors ug Exploits Gamit ang Rootkit Hunter sa Linux
Guys, kung ikaw usa ka regular nga magbabasa sa linux-console.net imong namatikdan nga kini ang among ikatulo nga artikulo sa mga himan sa seguridad. Sa among miaging duha ka artikulo, gihatagan ka namo sa tanang giya kon unsaon pag-secure sa Apache ug Linux Systems gikan sa Malware, DOS, ug DDOS nga mga pag-atake gamit ang LMD (Linux Malware Detect).
Pag-usab ania kami aron ipaila ang usa ka bag-ong himan sa seguridad nga gitawag Rkhunter (Rootkit Hunter). Kini nga artikulo mogiya kanimo sa usa ka paagi sa pag-instalar ug pag-configure sa RKH (RootKit Hunter) sa mga sistema sa Linux gamit ang source code.
Unsa ang Rkhunter?
Ang Rkhunter (Rootkit Hunter) usa ka open-source nga Unix/Linux based scanner tool para sa Linux system nga gipagawas ubos sa GPL nga nag-scan sa backdoors, rootkits, ug local exploits sa imong system.
Kini nag-scan sa mga tinago nga mga file, sayop nga mga permiso nga gibutang sa mga binary, kadudahang mga kuwerdas sa kernel, ug uban pa. Para makahibalo pa bahin sa Rkhunter ug sa mga feature niini bisitaha ang http://rkhunter.sourceforge.net/.
I-install ang Rootkit Hunter Scanner sa Linux Systems
Una, i-download ang pinakabag-o nga stable nga bersyon sa Rkhunter tool pinaagi sa pag-adto sa http://rkhunter.sourceforge.net/ o gamita ang ubos nga Wget command aron ma-download kini sa imong mga sistema.
# cd /tmp # wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/rkhunter/rkhunter/1.4.6/rkhunter-1.4.6.tar.gz
Kung na-download na nimo ang pinakabag-o nga bersyon, padagana ang mosunud nga mga mando ingon usa ka gamut nga tiggamit aron ma-install kini.
# tar -xvf rkhunter-1.4.6.tar.gz # cd rkhunter-1.4.6 # ./installer.sh --layout default --install
Checking system for: Rootkit Hunter installer files: found A web file download command: wget found Starting installation: Checking installation directory "/usr/local": it exists and is writable. Checking installation directories: Directory /usr/local/share/doc/rkhunter-1.4.2: creating: OK Directory /usr/local/share/man/man8: exists and is writable. Directory /etc: exists and is writable. Directory /usr/local/bin: exists and is writable. Directory /usr/local/lib64: exists and is writable. Directory /var/lib: exists and is writable. Directory /usr/local/lib64/rkhunter/scripts: creating: OK Directory /var/lib/rkhunter/db: creating: OK Directory /var/lib/rkhunter/tmp: creating: OK Directory /var/lib/rkhunter/db/i18n: creating: OK Directory /var/lib/rkhunter/db/signatures: creating: OK Installing check_modules.pl: OK Installing filehashsha.pl: OK Installing stat.pl: OK Installing readlink.sh: OK Installing backdoorports.dat: OK Installing mirrors.dat: OK Installing programs_bad.dat: OK Installing suspscan.dat: OK Installing rkhunter.8: OK Installing ACKNOWLEDGMENTS: OK Installing CHANGELOG: OK Installing FAQ: OK Installing LICENSE: OK Installing README: OK Installing language support files: OK Installing ClamAV signatures: OK Installing rkhunter: OK Installing rkhunter.conf: OK Installation complete
Pagdalagan ang RKH updater aron pun-on ang mga kabtangan sa database pinaagi sa pagpadagan sa mosunod nga sugo.
# /usr/local/bin/rkhunter --update # /usr/local/bin/rkhunter --propupd
[ Rootkit Hunter version 1.4.6 ] Checking rkhunter data files... Checking file mirrors.dat [ Updated ] Checking file programs_bad.dat [ No update ] Checking file backdoorports.dat [ No update ] Checking file suspscan.dat [ No update ] Checking file i18n/cn [ No update ] Checking file i18n/de [ No update ] Checking file i18n/en [ No update ] Checking file i18n/tr [ No update ] Checking file i18n/tr.utf8 [ No update ] Checking file i18n/zh [ No update ] Checking file i18n/zh.utf8 [ No update ] Checking file i18n/ja [ No update ] File created: searched for 177 files, found 131, missing hashes 1
Paghimo ug file nga gitawag ug rkhunter.sh ubos sa /etc/cron.daily/, nga mag-scan sa imong file system kada adlaw ug magpadala ug email notifications sa imong email id. Paghimo sa mosunod nga file sa tabang sa imong paborito nga editor.
# vi /etc/cron.daily/rkhunter.sh
Idugang ang mosunod nga mga linya sa code niini ug ilisan ang YourServerNameHere sa imong Server Name ug [email sa imong Email Id.
#!/bin/sh ( /usr/local/bin/rkhunter --versioncheck /usr/local/bin/rkhunter --update /usr/local/bin/rkhunter --cronjob --report-warnings-only ) | /bin/mail -s 'rkhunter Daily Run (PutYourServerNameHere)' [email
Ibutang ang pagtugot sa pagpatuman sa file.
# chmod 755 /etc/cron.daily/rkhunter.sh
Aron ma-scan ang tibuok file system, padagana ang Rkhunter isip root user.
# rkhunter --check
[ Rootkit Hunter version 1.4.6 ]
Checking system commands...
Performing 'strings' command checks
Checking 'strings' command [ OK ]
Performing 'shared libraries' checks
Checking for preloading variables [ None found ]
Checking for preloaded libraries [ None found ]
Checking LD_LIBRARY_PATH variable [ Not found ]
Performing file properties checks
Checking for prerequisites [ OK ]
/usr/local/bin/rkhunter [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/adduser [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/chkconfig [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/chroot [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/depmod [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/fsck [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/fuser [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/groupadd [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/groupdel [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/groupmod [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/grpck [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/ifconfig [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/ifdown [ Warning ]
/usr/sbin/ifup [ Warning ]
/usr/sbin/init [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/insmod [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/ip [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/lsmod [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/lsof [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/modinfo [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/modprobe [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/nologin [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/pwck [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/rmmod [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/route [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/rsyslogd [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/runlevel [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/sestatus [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/sshd [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/sulogin [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/sysctl [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/tcpd [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/useradd [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/userdel [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/usermod [ OK ]
....
[Press to continue]
Checking for rootkits...
Performing check of known rootkit files and directories
55808 Trojan - Variant A [ Not found ]
ADM Worm [ Not found ]
AjaKit Rootkit [ Not found ]
Adore Rootkit [ Not found ]
aPa Kit [ Not found ]
.....
[Press to continue]
Performing additional rootkit checks
Suckit Rookit additional checks [ OK ]
Checking for possible rootkit files and directories [ None found ]
Checking for possible rootkit strings [ None found ]
....
[Press to continue]
Checking the network...
Performing checks on the network ports
Checking for backdoor ports [ None found ]
....
Performing system configuration file checks
Checking for an SSH configuration file [ Found ]
Checking if SSH root access is allowed [ Warning ]
Checking if SSH protocol v1 is allowed [ Warning ]
Checking for a running system logging daemon [ Found ]
Checking for a system logging configuration file [ Found ]
Checking if syslog remote logging is allowed [ Not allowed ]
...
System checks summary
=====================
File properties checks...
Files checked: 137
Suspect files: 6
Rootkit checks...
Rootkits checked : 383
Possible rootkits: 0
Applications checks...
Applications checked: 5
Suspect applications: 2
The system checks took: 5 minutes and 38 seconds
All results have been written to the log file: /var/log/rkhunter.log
One or more warnings have been found while checking the system.
Please check the log file (/var/log/rkhunter.log)
Ang sugo sa ibabaw nagmugna og log file ubos sa /var/log/rkhunter.log uban sa mga resulta sa tseke nga gihimo ni Rkhunter.
# cat /var/log/rkhunter.log
[11:21:04] Running Rootkit Hunter version 1.4.6 on tecmint [11:21:04] [11:21:04] Info: Start date is Mon Dec 21 11:21:04 AM IST 2020 [11:21:04] [11:21:04] Checking configuration file and command-line options... [11:21:04] Info: Detected operating system is 'Linux' [11:21:04] Info: Found O/S name: Fedora release 33 (Thirty Three) [11:21:04] Info: Command line is /usr/local/bin/rkhunter --check [11:21:04] Info: Environment shell is /bin/bash; rkhunter is using bash [11:21:04] Info: Using configuration file '/etc/rkhunter.conf' [11:21:04] Info: Installation directory is '/usr/local' [11:21:04] Info: Using language 'en' [11:21:04] Info: Using '/var/lib/rkhunter/db' as the database directory [11:21:04] Info: Using '/usr/local/lib64/rkhunter/scripts' as the support script directory [11:21:04] Info: Using '/usr/local/sbin /usr/local/bin /usr/sbin /usr/bin /bin /sbin /usr/libexec /usr/local/libexec' as the command directories [11:21:04] Info: Using '/var/lib/rkhunter/tmp' as the temporary directory [11:21:04] Info: No mail-on-warning address configured [11:21:04] Info: X will be automatically detected [11:21:04] Info: Found the 'basename' command: /usr/bin/basename [11:21:04] Info: Found the 'diff' command: /usr/bin/diff [11:21:04] Info: Found the 'dirname' command: /usr/bin/dirname [11:21:04] Info: Found the 'file' command: /usr/bin/file [11:21:04] Info: Found the 'find' command: /usr/bin/find [11:21:04] Info: Found the 'ifconfig' command: /usr/sbin/ifconfig [11:21:04] Info: Found the 'ip' command: /usr/sbin/ip [11:21:04] Info: Found the 'ipcs' command: /usr/bin/ipcs [11:21:04] Info: Found the 'ldd' command: /usr/bin/ldd [11:21:04] Info: Found the 'lsattr' command: /usr/bin/lsattr ...
Alang sa dugang nga impormasyon ug mga kapilian palihog pagdagan ang mosunod nga sugo.
# rkhunter --help
Kung gusto nimo kini nga artikulo, nan ang pagpaambit mao ang husto nga paagi sa pagpasalamat.